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| − | {{research|1|Key descriptions are subject to corrections}}
| + | #REDIRECT [[PART (File Format)]] |
| − | The '''PART''' [[Particle Script|particle script]] format is used to configure ''particle effects''.
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| − | Particles are the most widely-used effect in ''Metroid Prime'', with approximately
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| − | 3,500 unique scripts across the [[PAK_(Metroid_Prime)|PAK archives]].
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| − | Each script configures a complete ''particle system'' that may draw into the scene.
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| − | The particle system is configurable to generate many visual effects:
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| − | * Flames and smoke
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| − | * Floating embers
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| − | * Water splashes/drips
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| − | * Dust and dirt in windy conditions
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| − | * Volumetric light "shimmers"
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| − | * Energy/plasma discharges
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| − | * Many others
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| − | The concept behind the particle system is quite simple: lots of
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| − | view-aligned (camera-facing) quads with a texture-image
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| − | are emitted, positioned, rotated, sized, colored, etc... according to the
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| − | parameters in the particle script.
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| − | == Particle System ==
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| − | The ''particle system'' ties together all procedures necessary to host an ''emitter''
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| − | and specifies the rate at which new particles should be created. New particles have a predetermined
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| − | ''lifetime'' (in frames) set by the system, and the emitter initializes the position and velocity of these particles.
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| − | The system continuously updates all currently-living particles that it's created. This includes updating
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| − | properties like ''position'', ''velocity'', ''color'', ''size'' and ''view-rotation''.
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| − | === Child Systems ===
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| − | Particle systems may also host ''child systems'' which are timed and positioned within the parent's reference.
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| − | Not only does this include other PART systems, but [[SWHC (File Format)|SWHC]] and [[ELSC (File Format)|ELSC]]
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| − | systems may be parented as well.
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| − | A good example of this is the ''flamethrower's'' system, which composes flame
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| − | particles with a trailing SWHC and small cinders from a separate PART.
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| − | === Line Mode ===
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| − | When the <code>LINE</code> property is activated, particles are rendered as ''lines'' rather than quads.
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| − | The usual 3D particle position is used as the ''trailing-point'' of the line, with the ''leading-point'' computed
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| − | via positional-differential, scaled by other parameters. Lines sample textures diagonally as a single-texel strip,
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| − | allowing for gradients to be applied via spherical or diagonal ramp-textures.
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| − | === Model Mode ===
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| − | When the <code>PMDL</code> property is provided with a [[CMDL (File Format)|CMDL]], particles are rendered
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| − | using that ''model'', in addition to the quad. Alternatively, <code>PMUS</code> generates a quad transformed
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| − | as if it were a model (non view aligned).
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| − | Model-based particles have a whole separate suite of properties for controlling local-transformation and color.
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| − | Most of the properties involving positioning and transforms from the client systems are shared from the
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| − | normal quad-mode.
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| − | Many weapon effects, notably the "sphere" of the charge-beam, are accomplished using particle models.
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| − | == Particle Instance ==
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| − | For each frame, each particle does the following primary tasks:
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| − | * Determines if particle's lifetime has finished, removing it from the scene and releasing its resources for newly created particles to use
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| − | * Invokes all [[Particle Script#Mod_Vector_Elements|velocity/position sources]]; advancing position 1/60th of a second
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| − | * Evaluates local transforms
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| − | ** Size
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| − | ** View-aligned rotation
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| − | ** View-aligned offset
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| − | * Evaluates particle color (shader-multiplied with texture-image)
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| − | == Emitter ==
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| − | ''Main article: [[Particle Script#Emitter_Elements|Emitter Elements]]''
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| − | Each particle-system employs a single ''emitter'' context.
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| − | The system generates a specified number of particles each frame;
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| − | the emitter initializing the position and velocity-vector for each.
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| − | == PART Properties ==
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| − | Particle generator properties are assembled into a [[Particle Script|particle script]]
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| − | file tagged with <code>GPSM</code>. Any of the following properties are loaded into a
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| − | ''description'' class for constructing an arbitrary number of ''particle generators''.
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | ! FourCC
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| − | ! Type
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| − | ! Description
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| − | ! Scope
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| − | ! Notes
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| − | ! MP1
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| − | ! MP2
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| − | ! MP3
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| − | ! DKCR
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| − | ! DKCTF
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| − | |-
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSIV|VectorElement|System Initial Velocity|System Init|Defines the initial velocity vector which moves the entire system in local orientation (may be overridden by <code>PSVM</code>)|{{maybe|Demo}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSVM|ModVectorElement|System Velocity Mod|Post Particles Update|Mod Vector which influences the position and velocity of the entire system in local space|{{maybe|Demo}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSOV|VectorElement|System Orientation Velocity|Post Particles Update|Angular velocity (in degrees/frame) of the system's orientation|{{maybe|Demo}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSLT|IntElement|System Lifetime|System Init|Count of frames that the system generates new particles|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSWT|IntElement|System Warmup Time|Warmup-Phase Update|Count of frames that the particle system virtually updates itself within one initial frame; exiting the warmup phase afterwards|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|PSTS|RealElement|System Time Scale|Pre Particles Update|Factor that redefines the second for the system, including the rate at which the system's frame count is incremented. 1.0 is native 60-fps. 0.5 causes every other frame to skip updates, slowing down and making the motion "choppy". 2.0 causes 2 updates every frame, speeding up.|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|POFS|VectorElement|Particle Offset|System Init, Post Particles Update|Vector that offsets all particles in world space|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|SEED|IntElement|Random Seed|System Init|Value used to initialize the [[wikipedia:Linear congruential generator|LCG]] seed state used within the system's update and render cycles (default 99)|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|LENG|RealElement|Line Length|Line Particle Creation, Line Particle Update|Length of <code>LINE</code> particles, scaled according to <code>FXLL</code>|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|WIDT|RealElement|Line Width|Line Particle Render|Width of <code>LINE</code> particles in viewport pixels|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|MAXP|IntElement|Max Particles|System Init, Pre Particles Update|Max count of particles allowed to live at once. No new particles created if there are already this many active particles.|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|GRTE|RealElement|Generation Rate|Pre Particles Update|Count of particles to create each frame. Remainder value is accumulated for the next update cycle.|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|COLR|ColorElement|Color|Particle Creation, Particle Update|Color to multiply with particle's texture|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|LTME|IntElement|Lifetime|Particle Creation|Count of frames the about-to-be-created particle lives|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}|{{check}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|ILOC|VectorElement|Particle Emit Location|Particle Creation|Position to initialize particle in local space (replaced by <code>EMTR</code>)|{{maybe|Demo}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}}}
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| − | {{ParticlePropertyRow|IVEC|VectorElement|Particle Emit Velocity|Particle Creation|Velocity to initialize particle in local space (replaced by <code>EMTR</code>)|{{maybe|Demo}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}|{{nocheck}}}}
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| − | |}
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| − | [[Category:File Formats]]
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| − | [[Category:Metroid Prime]]
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| − | [[Category:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes]]
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| − | [[Category:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption]]
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| − | [[Category:Donkey Kong Country Returns]]
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